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Julio I. Maiztegui, Kelly T. McKee, Julio G. Barrera Oro, Lee H. Harrison, Paul H. Gibbs, Maria R. Feuillade, Delia A. Enria, Ana M. Briggiler, Silvana C. Levis, Ana M. Ambrosio, Neal A. Halsey, Clarence J. Peters, the AHF Study Group, Protective Efficacy of a Live Attenuated Vaccine against Argentine Hemorrhagic Fever, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 177, Issue 2, February 1998, Pages 277–283, https://doi.org/10.1086/514211
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Abstract
Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF), caused by the arenavirus Junin, is a major public health problem among agricultural workers in Argentina. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled, efficacy trial of Candid 1, a live attenuated Junin virus vaccine, was conducted over two consecutive epidemic seasons among 6500 male agricultural workers in the AHF-endemic region. Twenty-three men developed laboratory-confirmed AHF during the study; 22 received placebo and 1 received vaccine (vaccine efficacy 95%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 82%–99%). Three additional subjects in each group developed laboratory-confirmed Junin virus infection associated with mild illnesses that did not fulfill the clinical case definition for AHF, yielding a protective efficacy for prevention of any illness associated with Junin virus infection of 84% (95% CI, 60%–94%). No serious adverse events were attributed to vaccination. Candid 1, the first vaccine for the prevention of illness caused by an arenavirus, is safe and highly efficacious.
Author notes
Deceased.
Current affiliations: Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg, North Carolina (K.T.M.); University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health,Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (L.H.H.); Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia (C.J.P).
Daniel Vallejos, José Luis Becker, Maria Carmen Saavedra, Oscar Conti, Dwayne Oland, Frederick Feinsod, Stella Goings, Francisco Pinheiro, Elsa Tiano, Graciela Gamboa, Ana Ines Kuehne, Harold W. Lupton, and Bill G. Mahlandt.